1Faculty of Health Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
2Neurointensive Care Unit, Neurocenter, Regional Hospital, Liberec, Czech Republic
3Institute of Physiology, First Medical Faculty, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
© 2023 Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Authors’ contributions
Conceptualization: SV. Data curation: SV, JZ, VI. Methodology/formal analysis/validation: VS, KE, ZI. Project administration: VS. Funding acquisition: not applicable. Writing–original draft: VS. Writing–review & editing: VS, KE, ZI.
Conflict of interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Funding
None.
Data availability
Data files are available from Harvard Dataverse: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/W07OMI
Dataset 1. Raw response data of nursing students.
Dataset 2. Data of statistical results.
Student group |
No. of successfully executed components |
Row total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
CC1 | 4% (3.0%) [0.33] | 9% (17.5%) [4.13] | 43% (40.0%) [0.22] | 35% (28.0%) [1.75] | 9% (11.5%) [0.54] | 100% |
CC3 | 2% (3.0%) [0.33] | 26% (17.5%) [4.13] | 37% (40.0%) [0.22] | 21% (28.0%) [1.75] | 14% (11.5%) [0.54] | 100% |
Column total | 6% [0.66] | 35% [8.26]a) | 80% [0.44] | 56% [3.50] | 23% [1.08] | 200% (grand total) |
Values in ( ) are the expected cell totals in % if the null hypothesis was valid (normalized to match % values in “row totals”), the numbers in [ ] are chi-square statistic summands, and their column-wise sums are the resulting values of the chi-square statistic confirming or rejecting the null hypothesis.
CC, critical care; CC1, end-of-semester exam after the first semester of CC; CC3, end-of-semester exam after the third semester of CC; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
a) Difference between the CC1 and CC3 groups at P<0.05 if the chi-square values are larger than 3.84.
Parameter | Compression depth | Compression rate | Time of correct frequency | Time of correct chest release | Row total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Correct value | 50–60 mm | 100–120/min | 95%–100% | 95%–100% | |
CC1 | 4% (12.81%) [6.06] | 57% (57.87%) [0.01] | 13% (16.13%) [0.61] | 83% (70.20%) [2.33] | 157% |
CC3 | 23% (14.19%) [5.46] | 65% (64.13%) [0.01] | 21 % (17.87%) [0.55] | 65% (77.80%) [2.11] | 174% |
Column total | 27% [11.52]a) | 122% [0.02] | 34% [1.16] | 148% [4.44]a) | 331% (grand total) |
Values in ( ) are the expected cell totals in % if the null hypothesis was valid (normalized to match % values in “row totals”), the numbers in [ ] are chi-square statistic summands, and their column-wise sums are the resulting values of the chi-square statistic confirming or rejecting the null hypothesis.
CC, critical care; CC1, end-of-semester exam after the first semester of CC; CC3, end-of-semester exam after the third semester of CC.
a) Difference between the CC1 and CC3 groups at P<0.05 if the chi-square values are larger than 3.84.
Parameter | CC 1 (N=23) | CC 3 (N=43) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Compression depth (mm) | 40±5 | 44±7 | 0.016 |
Compression rate (min-1) | 110±12 | 113±10 | 0.210 |
Time of correct frequency (%) | 58±32 | 62±30 | 0.586 |
Time of correct chest release (%) | 95±12 | 92±16 | 0.514 |
Student group | No. of successfully executed components |
Row total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
CC1 | 4% (3.0%) [0.33] | 9% (17.5%) [4.13] | 43% (40.0%) [0.22] | 35% (28.0%) [1.75] | 9% (11.5%) [0.54] | 100% |
CC3 | 2% (3.0%) [0.33] | 26% (17.5%) [4.13] | 37% (40.0%) [0.22] | 21% (28.0%) [1.75] | 14% (11.5%) [0.54] | 100% |
Column total | 6% [0.66] | 35% [8.26] |
80% [0.44] | 56% [3.50] | 23% [1.08] | 200% (grand total) |
Parameter | Compression depth | Compression rate | Time of correct frequency | Time of correct chest release | Row total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Correct value | 50–60 mm | 100–120/min | 95%–100% | 95%–100% | |
CC1 | 4% (12.81%) [6.06] | 57% (57.87%) [0.01] | 13% (16.13%) [0.61] | 83% (70.20%) [2.33] | 157% |
CC3 | 23% (14.19%) [5.46] | 65% (64.13%) [0.01] | 21 % (17.87%) [0.55] | 65% (77.80%) [2.11] | 174% |
Column total | 27% [11.52] |
122% [0.02] | 34% [1.16] | 148% [4.44] |
331% (grand total) |
Parameter | Null hypothesis | Correct value according to guidelines | CC 1 |
CC 3 |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD | P-value | Mean±SD | P-value | |||
Compression depth | µ ≥50 mm | 50 mm | 40±5 | <0.001 | 44±7 | <0.001 |
Compression rate | µ ≤100/min | 100–120/min | 110±12 | <0.003 | 113±10 | <0.001 |
Compression rate | µ ≥120/min | 100–120/min | 110±12 | <0.0001 | 113±10 | <0.001 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation, unless otherwise stated. Only the compression depth increased significantly over the 2 semesters of CC courses. CC, critical care; CC1, end-of-semester exam after the first semester of CC; CC3, end-of-semester exam after the third semester of CC.
Values in ( ) are the expected cell totals in % if the null hypothesis was valid (normalized to match % values in “row totals”), the numbers in [ ] are chi-square statistic summands, and their column-wise sums are the resulting values of the chi-square statistic confirming or rejecting the null hypothesis. CC, critical care; CC1, end-of-semester exam after the first semester of CC; CC3, end-of-semester exam after the third semester of CC; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Difference between the CC1 and CC3 groups at P<0.05 if the chi-square values are larger than 3.84.
Values in ( ) are the expected cell totals in % if the null hypothesis was valid (normalized to match % values in “row totals”), the numbers in [ ] are chi-square statistic summands, and their column-wise sums are the resulting values of the chi-square statistic confirming or rejecting the null hypothesis. CC, critical care; CC1, end-of-semester exam after the first semester of CC; CC3, end-of-semester exam after the third semester of CC. Difference between the CC1 and CC3 groups at P<0.05 if the chi-square values are larger than 3.84.
CC, critical care; CC1, end-of-semester exam after the first semester of CC; CC3, end-of-semester exam after the third semester of CC; SD, standard deviation.