Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions

Educational/faculty development material

A new experimental community pharmacy internship module for undergraduate pharmacy students in western Nepal: overview and reflections: Sangita Timsina, Bhuvan K.C., Dristi Adhikari, Alian A. Alrasheedy, Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim, Atisammodavardhana Kaundinnyayana; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2017;14:18. Published online August 16, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.18

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Community pharmacies in Nepal and other South Asian countries are in a mediocre state due to poor regulation and the fact that many pharmacies are run by people with insufficient training in dispensing. This has led to the inappropriate use of medicines. The problems due to poor regulation and the mediocre state of community pharmacies in South Asia encompass both academia and clinical practice. In this paper, a 2-week community pharmacy internship programme completed by 2 graduating pharmacy students of Pokhara University (a Nepalese public university) at Sankalpa Pharmacy, Pokhara, Nepal is illustrated. During the internship, they were systematically trained on store management, pharmaceutical care, counselling skills, the use of medical devices, pharmaceutical business plans, medicine information sources, and adverse drug reaction reporting. An orientation, observations and hands-on training, case presentation, discussion, and feedback from 2 senior pharmacists were used as the training method. A proper community pharmacy internship format, good pharmacy practice standards, and a better work environment for pharmacists may improve the quality of community pharmacies.

Citations

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Using the Business Model Canvas to Guide Doctor of Pharmacy Students in Building Business Plans
David A. Holdford, Vasco M. Pontinha, Tyler D. Wagner
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education.2022; 86(3): 8719. CrossRef
Rural Public Health Workforce Training and Development: The Performance of an Undergraduate Internship Programme in a Rural Hospital and Healthcare Centre
Luis Dos Santos
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(7): 1259. CrossRef

Brief Report

Perceptions of pharmacy clerkship students and clinical preceptors regarding preceptors’ teaching behaviors at Gondar University in Ethiopia: Tadesse Melaku, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Yonas Getaye, Sewunet Admasu, Ramadan Alkalmi; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2016;13:9. Published online February 15, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2016.13.9

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Abstract PDF

This study aimed to compare the perceptions of pharmacy clerkship students and clinical preceptors of preceptors’ teaching behaviors at Gondar University. A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacy clerkship students and preceptors during June 2014 and December 2015. A 52-item structured questionnaire was self-administered to 126 students and 23 preceptors. The responses are presented using descriptive statistics. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied to test the significance of differences between students and preceptors. The response rate was 89.4% for students and 95.6% for preceptors. Statistically significant differences were observed in the responses regarding two of the five communication skills that were examined, six of the 26 clinical skills, and five of the 21 parameters involving feedback. The mean scores of preceptors (2.6/3) and students (1.9/3) regarding instructors’ ability to answer questions were found to be significantly different (P= 0.01). Students and preceptors gave mean scores of 1.9 and 2.8, respectively, to a question regarding preceptors’ application of appropriate up-to-date knowledge to individual patients (P= 0.00). Significant differences were also noted between students and instructors regarding the degree to which preceptors encouraged students to evaluate their own performance (P= 0.01). Discrepancies were noted between students and preceptors regarding preceptors’ teaching behaviors. Preceptors rated their teaching behaviors more highly than students did. Short-term training is warranted for preceptors to improve some aspects of their teaching skills.

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Pharmaceutical care journey: Final-year pharmacy students’ experiences of the hospital-based clinical pharmacy clerkship programme in north- east Nigeria
Roland N Okoro, John David Ohieku, Sani Ibn Yakubu
Pharmacy Education.2021; 21: 9. CrossRef
Student perceptions of non-technical skills development during advanced pharmacy practice experiences
Sandy Diec, Pooja H. Patel, Nephy G. Samuel, Jose J. Hernandez-Munoz
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning.2021; 13(11): 1510. CrossRef
Measuring and assessing the competencies of preceptors in health professions: a systematic scoping review
Andrew D. Bartlett, Irene S. Um, Edward J. Luca, Ines Krass, Carl R. Schneider
BMC Medical Education.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Pharmacy students’ provision of health promotion counseling services during a community pharmacy clerkship: a cross sectional study, Northwest Ethiopia
Dessalegn Asmelashe Gelayee, Gashaw Binega Mekonnen
BMC Medical Education.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

Research Article

The need for redesigned pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan: the perspectives of senior pharmacy students: Muhammad Umair Khan, Akram Ahmad, Kazim Hussain, Aqsa Salam, Zain-ul Hasnain, Isha Patel; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:27. Published online June 16, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.27

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
In Pakistan, courses in pharmacy practice, which are an essential component of the PharmD curriculum, were launched with the aim of strengthening pharmacy practice overall and enabling pharmacy students to cope with the challenges involved in meeting real-world healthcare needs. Since very little research has assessed the efficacy of such courses, we aimed to evaluate students’ perceptions of pharmacy practice courses and their opinions about whether their current knowledge of the topics covered in pharmacy practice courses is adequate for future practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over two months among the senior pharmacy students of two pharmacy colleges. A content- and face-validated questionnaire was used to collect data, which were then analysed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were performed. Results: Research in pharmacy practice (30.2%), applied drug information (34.4%), health policy (38.1%), public health and epidemiology (39.5%), pharmacovigilance (45.6%), and pharmacoeconomics (47.9%) were the major courses that were covered to the least extent in the PharmD curriculum. However, hospital pharmacy practice (94.4%), pharmacotherapeutics (88.8%), and community pharmacy practice (82.8%) were covered well. Although 94% of students considered these courses important, only 37.2% considered themselves to be competent in the corresponding topics. Of the participants, 87.9% agreed that the pharmacy courses in the present curriculum should be redesigned. Conclusion: Our results showed that the pharmacy practice courses in the current PharmD curriculum do not encompass some important core subjects. A nationwide study is warranted to further establish the necessity for remodelling pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan.

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Perceptions of and Preparedness for the Application of Pharmacoeconomics in Practice, among Final Year Bachelor of Pharmacy Students in South Africa: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Carlien Schmidt, Moliehi Matlala, Brian Godman, Amanj Kurdi, Johanna C. Meyer
Pharmacy.2023; 11(2): 54. CrossRef
Perspectives on an amended law addressing pharmacists' availability in community pharmacies
Gohar Qadeer, Mohamed Ezzat Khamis Amin
Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice.2021; 27(1): 151. CrossRef
Pharmacy Services beyond the Basics: A Qualitative Study to Explore Perspectives of Pharmacists towards Basic and Enhanced Pharmacy Services in Pakistan
Muhammad Atif, Wajiha Razzaq, Irem Mushtaq, Iram Malik, Madiha Razzaq, Shane Scahill, Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(7): 2379. CrossRef
Pharmacists’ Knowledge and Practice of Issues Related to Using Psychotropic Medication in Elderly People in Ethiopia: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Gashaw Binega Mekonnen, Alemante Tafese Beyna
BioMed Research International.2020; 2020: 1. CrossRef
Farmacovigilância: uma estratégia biopolítica
Cléber Domingos Cunha da Silva
Saúde e Sociedade.2018; 27(3): 860. CrossRef
Palestinian pharmacists’ knowledge of issues related to using psychotropic medications in older people: a cross-sectional study
Ramzi Shawahna, Mais Khaskiyyi, Hadeel Abdo, Yasmen Msarwe, Rania Odeh, Souad Salame
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2017; 14: 8. CrossRef

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