Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions

Research articles

Possibility of independent use of the yes/no Angoff and Hofstee methods for the standard setting of the Korean Medical Licensing Examination written test: a descriptive study: Do-Hwan Kim, Ye Ji Kang, Hoon-Ki Park; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:33. Published online December 12, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2022.19.33

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Purpose
This study aims to apply the yes/no Angoff and Hofstee methods to actual Korean Medical Licensing Examination (KMLE) 2022 written examination data to estimate cut scores for the written KMLE.
Methods
Fourteen panelists gathered to derive the cut score of the 86th KMLE written examination data using the yes/no Angoff method. The panel reviewed the items individually before the meeting and shared their respective understanding of the minimum-competency physician. The standard setting process was conducted in 5 rounds over a total of 800 minutes. In addition, 2 rounds of the Hofstee method were conducted before starting the standard setting process and after the second round of yes/no Angoff.
Results
For yes/no Angoff, as each round progressed, the panel’s opinion gradually converged to a cut score of 198 points, and the final passing rate was 95.1%. The Hofstee cut score was 208 points out of a maximum 320 with a passing rate of 92.1% at the first round. It scored 204 points with a passing rate of 93.3% in the second round.
Conclusion
The difference between the cut scores obtained through yes/no Angoff and Hofstee methods did not exceed 2% points, and they were within the range of cut scores from previous studies. In both methods, the difference between the panelists decreased as rounds were repeated. Overall, our findings suggest the acceptability of cut scores and the possibility of independent use of both methods.

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Issues in the 3rd year of the COVID-19 pandemic, including computer-based testing, study design, ChatGPT, journal metrics, and appreciation to reviewers
Sun Huh
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2023; 20: 5. CrossRef
Presidential address: improving item validity and adopting computer-based testing, clinical skills assessments, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality in health professions licensing examinations in Korea
Hyunjoo Pai
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2023; 20: 8. CrossRef

Correlations between moral courage scores and social desirability scores among medical residents and fellows in Argentina: Raúl Alfredo Borracci, Graciana Ciambrone, José María Alvarez Gallesio; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2020;17:6. Published online February 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2020.17.6

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Moral courage refers to the conviction to take action on one’s ethical beliefs despite the risk of adverse consequences. This study aimed to evaluate correlations between social desirability scores and moral courage scores among medical residents and fellows, and to explore gender- and specialty-based differences in moral courage scores.
Methods
In April 2018, the Moral Courage Scale for Physicians (MCSP), the Professional Moral Courage (PMC) scale and the Marlowe-Crowne scale to measure social desirability were administered to 87 medical residents from Hospital Alemán in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Results
The Cronbach α coefficients were 0.78, 0.74, and 0.81 for the Marlowe-Crowne, MCSP, and PMC scales, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that moral courage scores were weakly correlated with social desirability scores, while both moral courage scales were strongly correlated with each other. Physicians who were training in a surgical specialty showed lower moral courage scores than nonsurgical specialty trainees, and men from any specialty tended to have lower moral courage scores than women. Specifically, individuals training in surgical specialties ranked lower on assessments of the “multiple values,” “endurance of threats,” and “going beyond compliance” dimensions of the PMC scale. Men tended to rank lower than women on the “multiple values,” “moral goals,” and “endurance of threats” dimensions.
Conclusion
There was a poor correlation between 2 validated moral courage scores and social desirability scores among medical residents and fellows in Argentina. Conversely, both moral courage tools showed a close correlation and concordance, suggesting that these scales are reasonably interchangeable.

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Moral courage level of nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Hang Li, JuLan Guo, ZhiRong Ren, Dingxi Bai, Jing Yang, Wei Wang, Han Fu, Qing Yang, Chaoming Hou, Jing Gao
BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
CESARET NEDİR? CESARET TANIMLARININ İÇERİK ANALİZİ
İbrahim Sani MERT
Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi.2023; 9(2): 126. CrossRef
The Impact of Active Bystander Training on Officer Confidence and Ability to Address Ethical Challenges
Travis Taniguchi, Heather Vovak, Gary Cordner, Karen Amendola, Yukun Yang, Katherine Hoogesteyn, Martin Bartness
Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice.2022; 16(3): 508. CrossRef
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Danielle Laraque-Arena, Ilene Fennoy, Leslie L. Davidson
Journal of the National Medical Association.2021; 113(4): 388. CrossRef
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Research Article

Emergency medicine and internal medicine trainees’ smartphone use in clinical settings in the United States: Sonja E. Raaum, Christian Arbelaez, Carlos Eduardo Vallejo, Andres M. Patino, Jorie M. Colbert-Getz, Caroline K. Milne; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:48. Published online October 29, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.48

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Smartphone technology offers a multitude of applications (apps) that provide a wide range of functions for healthcare professionals. Medical trainees are early adopters of this technology, but how they use smartphones in clinical care remains unclear. Our objective was to further characterize smartphone use by medical trainees at two United States academic institutions, as well as their prior training in the clinical use of smartphones. Methods: In 2014, we surveyed 347 internal medicine and emergency medicine resident physicians at the University of Utah and Brigham and Women’s Hospital about their smartphone use and prior training experiences. Scores (0%–100%) were calculated to assess the frequency of their use of general features (email, text) and patient-specific apps, and the results were compared according to resident level and program using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: A total of 184 residents responded (response rate, 53.0%). The average score for using general features, 14.4/20 (72.2%) was significantly higher than the average score for using patient-specific features and apps, 14.1/44 (33.0%, P<0.001). The average scores for the use of general features, were significantly higher for year 3–4 residents, 15.0/20 (75.1%) than year 1–2 residents, 14.1/20 (70.5%, P=0.035), and for internal medicine residents, 14.9/20 (74.6%) in comparison to emergency medicine residents, 12.9/20 (64.3%, P= 0.001). The average score reflecting the use of patient-specific apps was significantly higher for year 3–4 residents, 16.1/44 (36.5%) than for year 1–2 residents, 13.7/44 (31.1%; P=0.044). Only 21.7% of respondents had received prior training in clinical smartphone use. Conclusion: Residents used smartphones for general features more frequently than for patient-specific features, but patient-specific use increased with training. Few residents have received prior training in the clinical use of smartphones.

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Prevalence and patterns of mobile device usage among physicians in clinical practice: A systematic review
Judith Kraushaar, Sabine Bohnet-Joschko
Health Informatics Journal.2023; 29(2): 146045822311692. CrossRef
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History Articles

History of the national licensing examination for the health professions under the Japanese Government-General of Korea (1910-1945): In-Soon Park; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:21. Published online May 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.21

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Abstract PDF

During the reign of Japanese Government-General of Korea (Joseon) from 1910 to 1945, the main health professionals who were educated about modern medicine were categorized into physicians, dentists, pharmacists, midwives, and nurses. They were clearly distinguished from traditional health professionals. The regulations on new health professionals were enacted, and the licensing system was enforced in earnest. There were two kinds of licensing systems: the license without examination through an educational institution and the license with the national examination. The Japanese Government-General of Korea (Joseon) combined education with a national examination system to produce a large number of health professionals rapidly; however, it was insufficient to fulfill the increasing demand for health services. Therefore, the government eased the examination several times and focused on quantitative expansion of the health professions. The proportion of professionals licensed through national examination had increased. This system had produced the maximum number of available professionals at low cost. Furthermore, this system was significant in three respects: first, the establishment of the framework of the national licensing examination still used today for health professionals; second, the protection of people from the poor practices of unqualified practitioners; and third, the standardization of the quality of health.

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How to romanize Korean characters in international journals
Sun Huh
Science Editing.2017; 4(2): 80. CrossRef

History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392): Kyung-Lock Lee; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:19. Published online May 26, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.19

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This article aims to describe the training and medical licensing system (uieop) for becoming a physician officer (uigwan) during Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). In the Goryeo Dynasty, although no license was necessary to provide medical services to the common people, there was a licensing examination to become a physician officer. No other national licensing system for healthcare professionals existed in Korea at that time. The medical licensing examination was administered beginning in 958. Physician officers who passed the medical licensing examination worked in two main healthcare institutions: the Government Hospital (Taeuigam) and Pharmacy for the King (Sangyakguk). The promotion and expansion of medical education differed depending on the historical period. Until the reign of King Munjong (1046-1083), medical education as a path to licensure was encouraged in order to increase the number of physician officers qualifying for licensure by examination; thus, the number of applicants sitting for the examination increased. However, in the late Goryeo Dynasty, after the officer class of the local authorities (hyangri) showed a tendency to monopolize the examination, the Goryeo government limited the examination applications by this group. The medical licensing examination was divided into two parts: medicine and ‘feeling the pulse and acupuncture’ (jugeumeop). The Goryeo Dynasty followed the Chinese Dang Dynasty’s medical system while also taking a strong interest in the Chinese Song Dynasty’s ideas about medicine.

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LİYAKAT TEMELLİ BÜROKRASİ: KORE KAMU SINAVLARI (GWAGEO) (958-1894) - THE MERIT-BASED BUREAUCRACY: THE CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION (GWAGEO) IN KOREA (958-1894)
Murat KAÇER
Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi.2018; 10(26): 754. CrossRef

Research Article

Medical doctors as the captain of a ship: an analysis of medical students’ book reports on Joseph Conrad’s “Lord Jim”: Kun Hwang, Seung Jae Lee, Seong Yeon Kim, Se Won Hwang, Ae Yang Kim; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2014;11:33. Published online November 27, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2014.11.33

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
In South Korean ferry disaster in 2014, the captain abandoned the ship with passengers including high school students still aboard. We noticed the resemblance of abandoning the ship with passengers still aboard the ferry (named the Sewol) and the ship Patna, which was full of pilgrims, in Joseph Conrad’s novel “Lord Jim.” The aim of this study is to see how medical students think about the role of a medical doctor as a captain of a ship by analyzing book reports on Conrad’s “Lord Jim.” Methods: Participants included 49 third-year medical students. Their book reports were analyzed. Results: If placed in the same situation as the character of Jim, 24 students of the 49 respondents answered that they would stay with the passengers, while 18 students indicated they would escape from the ship with the crew. Most of the students thought the role of a doctor in the medical field was like that of a ‘captain.’ The medical students reported that they wanted to be a doctor who is responsible for his or her patients, highly moral, warm-hearted, honest, and with high self-esteem. Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that “Lord Jim” induced the virtue of ‘responsibility’ from the medical students. Consequently, “Lord Jim” could be good teaching material for medical humanities.

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Analysis of the perceptions of medical students applying contextual relevance to literature
Kun Hwang, Ae Yang Kim, Hun Kim
The Asia Pacific Scholar.2018; 3(2): 47. CrossRef

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