Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions

Research articles

Development of a self-assessment tool for resident doctors’ communication skills in India: Upendra Baitha, Piyush Ranjan, Siddharth Sarkar, Charu Arora, Archana Kumari, Sada Nand Dwivedi, Asmita Patil, Nayer Jamshed; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2019;16:17. Published online June 24, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.17

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Purpose
Effective communication skills are essential for resident doctors to provide optimum patient care. This study was conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire for the self-assessment of resident doctors’ communication skills in India.
Methods
This was a mixed-methods study conducted in 2 phases. The first phase consisted of questionnaire development, including the identification of relevant literature, focus group discussions with residents and experts from clinical specialties, and pre-testing of the questionnaire. The second phase involved administering the questionnaire survey to 95 residents from the Departments of Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Pediatrics, and Surgery at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India in April 2019. Internal consistency was tested and the factor structure was analyzed to test construct validity.
Results
The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections: (A) 4 items on doctor-patient conflicts and the role of communication skills in avoiding these conflicts, (B) 29 items on self-assessment of communication skills in different settings, and (C) 8 items on barriers to practicing good communication skills. Sections B and C had good internal consistency (Cronbach α: 0.885 and 0.771, respectively). Section C had a 2-factor solution, and the barriers were classified as ‘training’ and ‘infrastructure’ factors.
Conclusion
This appears to be a valid assessment tool of resident doctors’ communication skills, with potential utility for identifying gaps in communication skills and developing communication skills modules.

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Leveraging the vantage point – exploring nurses’ perception of residents’ communication skills: a mixed-methods study
Komal Abdul Rahim, Maryam Pyar Ali Lakhdir, Noreen Afzal, Asma Altaf Hussain Merchant, Namra Qadeer Shaikh, Ali Aahil Noorali, Umar Tariq, Rida Ahmad, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Saad bin Zafar Mahmood, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Muhammed Tariq, Adil H. Haider
BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Developing a communication-skills training curriculum for resident-physicians to enhance patient outcomes at an academic medical centre: an ongoing mixed-methods study protocol
Hamna Shahbaz, Ali Aahil Noorali, Maha Inam, Namra Qadeer, Asma Altaf Hussain Merchant, Adnan Ali Khan, Noreen Afzal, Komal Abdul Rahim, Ibrahim Munaf, Rida Ahmad, Muhammad Tariq, Adil H Haider
BMJ Open.2022; 12(8): e056840. CrossRef
A cross-sectional evaluation of communication skills and perceived barriers among the resident doctors at a tertiary care center in India
Amandeep Singh, Piyush Ranjan, Archana Kumari, Siddharth Sarkar, Tanveer Kaur, Ramesh Aggarwal, AshishDatt Upadhyay, Biswaroop Chakrawarty, Jamshed Nayer, Mohit Joshi, Avinash Chakrawarty
Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2022; 11(1): 425. CrossRef
Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess preventive practices against COVID-19 pandemic in the general population
Ayush Agarwal, Piyush Ranjan, Priyanka Rohilla, Yellamraju Saikaustubh, Anamika Sahu, Sada Nand Dwivedi, Aakansha, Upendra Baitha, Arvind Kumar
Preventive Medicine Reports.2021; 22: 101339. CrossRef
Development and Validation of a Comprehensive Questionnaire to Assess Interpersonal Discord (Bullying, Harassment, and Discrimination) at the Workplace in a Healthcare Setting
Amandeep Singh, Piyush Ranjan, Tanveer Kaur, Siddharth Sarkar, Ashish D Upadhyay, Upendra Baitha, Prayas Sethi, Ranveer S Jadon, Pankaj Jorwal
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Evaluate Workplace Violence in Healthcare Settings
Archana Kumari, Amandeep Singh, Piyush Ranjan, Siddharth Sarkar, Tanveer Kaur, Ashish D Upadhyay, Kirti Verma, Vignan Kappagantu, Ajay Mohan, Upendra Baitha
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The value of communicating with patients in their first language
Piyush Ranjan, Archana Kumari, Charu Arora
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research.2020; 20(6): 559. CrossRef

Factors influencing the career preferences of medical students and interns: a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey from India: Ruban Anand, Prakash Somi Sankaran; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2019;16:12. Published online May 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.12

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
The study aimed to identify the motivational factors and demographic variables influencing the career preferences of medical students in India.
Methods
We conducted a questionnaire-based survey at Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. The participants were 368 of the 460 medical students and interns enrolled at the institution from October 2015 to August 2016. We designed the questionnaire to collect demographic data, students’ preferences for career specialties, and the motivational factors influencing them. Then, we analyzed the influence of these factors and demographic variables on career preferences using regression analysis.
Results
Of the 368 respondents, 356 (96.7%) expressed their intention to pursue a residency program after the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) program, and about two-thirds indicated their preference to do so in India. The specialties most preferred by students were general surgery, general medicine (internal medicine), and pediatrics, while the least preferred were anatomy, obstetrics and gynecology, and community medicine. Factor analysis yielded three motivational factors, which we named ‘personal growth,’ ‘professional growth,’ and ‘personal satisfaction’ based on the items loaded in each. The motivational factors were predicted by demographic variables (gender, geographical background, current stage in the MBBS program, and the presence of relatives in the health professions). Demographic variables and the motivational factors also had significant influences on career preferences.
Conclusion
This study provides insights into the motivational factors that influence the career preferences of Indian medical students and interns. A robust longitudinal study would be required to study intra-individual variations in preferences and the persistence of choices.

Citations

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Medical students’ career preferences in Bangladesh
Mohammad Azmain Iktidar, Md Muid Sakib, Ummi Rukaiya Munni, Fahmida Hoque Rimti, Renessa Yousuf, Koushik Majumder, Tirtha Saha, Farhat Lamisa Golpo, Md Samee U Sayed, Sabrina Monsur, Asadul Al Galib, Md Kamran Hossain, Sigma Alam Shupti, Noshin Nawar, Sud
BMC Medical Education.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors affecting the choice of medical specialties in Turkiye: an analysis based on cross-sectional survey of medical graduates
Mustafa Said Yıldız, M. Mahmud Khan
BMC Medical Education.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A qualitative study of career decision making among African and Asian international medical students in China: process, challenges, and strategies
Wen Li, Hong Sun, Asaduzzaman Khan, Robyn Gillies
Advances in Health Sciences Education.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Teaching in radiation oncology: now and 2025—results of a focus group with medical students
Philipp Linde, Marie Klein, Frauke Lang, Simone Wegen, Cordula Petersen, Hendrik Dapper, Jiaqi Fan, Eren Celik, Simone Marnitz, Christian Baues
Strahlentherapie und Onkologie.2023; 199(4): 360. CrossRef
Electives in Indian medical education: An opportunity to seize
Medha Mathur, Navgeet Mathur, Anjana Verma, Manjinder Kaur, Ashish Patyal
Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research.2023; 4: 53. CrossRef
Specialty preferences of studying-abroad medical students from low- and middle-income countries
Wen Li, Robyn M. Gillies, Chang Liu, Changhao Wu, Jiayi Chen, Xiaoning Zhang, Bin Cheng, Jing Dai, Ning Fu, Lin Li, Shenjun Liu, Hong Sun
BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring Specialty Selection and Influencing Factors among Medical Students and Postgraduates: An Observational Study
Muhammad Maaz Arif, Wardah Nisar , Khadija Agha , Muzammil Ghaffar Qureshi, Amen Mansoor, Asad Ullah Malik, Muhammad Sohaib Khokhar, Fatima Awan, Sarah Irfan Khwaja, Aqsa Parveen
Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences.2023; : 263. CrossRef
Perception of Oncology Evaluated by Medical Students (P.O.E.M.S)—a Single Institutional Study
Pritha Roy, Abhishek Basu, Debdeep Samaddar, Hambir Chowdhury
Journal of Cancer Education.2022; 37(3): 709. CrossRef
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on career intention amongst undergraduate medical students: a single-centre cross-sectional study conducted in Hubei Province
Xue-lin Wang, Ming-xiu Liu, Shuai Peng, Lei Yang, Chen Lu, Shi-cong Shou, Jian-ru Wang, Jun-yi Sun, Jia-qi Wang, Yan Hu, Jun Zhao, Peng Duan
BMC Medical Education.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
What do Iranian physicians value most when choosing a specialty? Evidence from a discrete choice experiment
Yaser Sarikhani, Sulmaz Ghahramani, Sisira Edirippulige, Yoshikazu Fujisawa, Matthew Bambling, Peivand Bastani
Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Fatores contribuintes para escolha da pediatria como especialidade médica
Pedro Guerra Júnior, Mônica Ramos Daltro
Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Fatores contribuintes para escolha da pediatria como especialidade médica
Pedro Guerra Júnior, Mônica Ramos Daltro
Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Will you choose neurosurgery as your career? An Indian female medical student perspective
Bhavya Pahwa, Mayank Kalyani, Ishika Jain, Suchanda Bhattacharjee
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience.2022; 105: 1. CrossRef
The Future of Pulmonary Medicine Physician Work-Force in India
Ahmad Ozair, Surya Kant
The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences.2022; 62(4): 233. CrossRef
A thematic network for factors affecting the choice of specialty education by medical students: a scoping study in low-and middle-income countries
Yaser Sarikhani, Sulmaz Ghahramani, Mohsen Bayati, Farhad Lotfi, Peivand Bastani
BMC Medical Education.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors and Determinants of Choosing Pathology as a Future Career: Results From a Multi-Institution Study
Emad M Masuadi, Mohamud S Mohamud, Abdulrahman M Alhassan, Khalid G Alharbi, Ahmed S Hilabi, Faisal A Alharbi, Abdullah T Tatwani, Abdullah I Farraj, Sami Al-Nasser, Mohammed F Safi
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
An Online Survey on Job Satisfaction among Indian Radiologists - Under-Studied Journey from Promised Land to Paradise Lost
Sudha Kiran Das, Vikram Patil, Anupama Chandrappa, Sachin Thammegowda, Sachin Prabhakar Shetty, Rudresh Hiremath
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences.2021; 10(42): 3633. CrossRef
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Why are India’s Best Medical Graduates not Preferring ENT for Postgraduate Training Through NEET-PG?
Ahmad Ozair, Abhishek Bahadur Singh
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2020; 72(4): 535. CrossRef
Determining factors for the choice of medical career among the final year medical students of a private university in Nigeria
AbiodunIdowu Okunlola, OlakunleFatai Babalola, CeciliaKehinde Okunlola, AdedayoIdris Salawu, OlabisiTimothy Adeyemo, IdowuOluwaseyi Adebara
Nigerian Journal of Medicine.2020; 29(2): 308. CrossRef
Factors influencing medical students’ choice of specialization: A gender based systematic review
Mathieu Levaillant, Lucie Levaillant, Nicolas Lerolle, Benoît Vallet, Jean-François Hamel-Broza
EClinicalMedicine.2020; 28: 100589. CrossRef
Anticipated decrease in surgeons: does orthopedic internship affect medical students career choice?
İbrahim Deniz CANBEYLİ, Meriç ÇIRPAR
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2020; 3(4): 395. CrossRef

Clinical empathy in medical students in India measured using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version: Anirban Chatterjee, Rajkrishna Ravikumar, Satendra Singh, Pranjal Singh Chauhan, Manu Goel; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2017;14:33. Published online December 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.33

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446 Download
36 Web of Science
32 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical empathy of a cohort of medical students spanning 4 years of undergraduate study and to identify factors associated with empathy.
Methods
A cross-sectional study to assess the empathy of undergraduate medical students at the University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital in Delhi, India, was conducted using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version. Demographic data were obtained using a pre-tested, semi-open-ended questionnaire.
Results
Of the 600 students, 418 participated in the survey (69.7%). The mean empathy score was 96.01 (of a maximum of 140), with a standard deviation of 14.56. The empathy scores decreased from the first to the third semester, plateaued at the fifth semester, and rose again in the seventh semester. Empathy was found to be significantly associated with the gender of the participant, with females having higher scores (P<0.001). The age of the participant, place of residence, whose decision it was for the student to enroll in an MBBS (bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery) program, and the choice of future specialty were not significantly associated with students’ empathy scores.
Conclusion
The study found significant gender differences in empathy among the participants. The empathy scores tended to decline initially and then rebound over time. The mean empathy levels found in this study are lower than those reported in most similar studies around the world; therefore, further studies are needed to analyze and address the underlying factors associated with this discrepancy.

Citations

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The Level of Empathy Among Medical Students at the University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Omnia S El Seifi, Amal A Alenazi, Asmaa M Alfuhaymani, Alshaymaa A Alanazi, Omayrah A Alanazi, Lama A Alanazi, Nouf M Albalawi, Fatima S Alharbi, Dhuha A ALQasir
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Ebe ve Hemşirelerin Empati Becerileri ile Kültürlerarası İletişimleri Arasındaki İlişki
Aynur ERÇEK KARCI, Selma ŞEN
İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi.2024; 9(1): 19. CrossRef
The Greek Jefferson Scale of Empathy—Medical Student Version (JSE-S): Psychometric Properties and Its Associated Factors
Polychronis Voultsos, Petros Galanis, Marianna-Foteini A. Dafni, Venetia-Sofia Velonaki, Georgia-Neta Andreou, Leda Kovatsi
Behavioral Sciences.2024; 14(3): 195. CrossRef
Empathy in family medicine postgraduate education: A mixed studies systematic review
David Ortiz-Paredes, Peterson Adam Henet, Martin Desseilles, Charo Rodríguez
Medical Teacher.2024; : 1. CrossRef
Trends of Change in Empathy Among Indian Medical Students: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study
Gayatri Bhatia, Jyoti V. Shetty
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine.2023; 45(2): 162. CrossRef
Eleven years of data on the Jefferson Scale of Empathy – medical student version: Japanese norm data and tentative cutoff scores
Hitomi U. Kataoka, Akiko Tokinobu, Chikako Fujii, Mayu Watanabe, Mikako Obika
BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Sustainability.2023; 15(9): 7631. CrossRef
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Factor structure of the Jefferson Scale for Empathy among medical undergraduates from South India
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Masooma Naseem, Burhanuddin Tahir, Afia Salman, Sara Qadir, Rida Farhan, Sajjad Ali, Zehra Naseem, Warda Ahmed, Mahfuza Anan
Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2023; 85(8): 3858. CrossRef
Perceived leadership quality and empathy among Indian undergraduate medical students
Himel Mondal, Sachin Soni, ManasRanjan Sahoo, Shaikat Mondal, Koushik Saha, Biswajit Maharana, Bhagyajyoti Priyadarshini, JoshilKumar Behera
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The integrated curriculum and student empathy: a longitudinal multi-cohort analysis
Christiane R. Herber-Valdez, Julie A. Blow, Tammy T. Salazar, Kathryn V. Horn, Dyanne G. Herrera, Naomi L. Lacy, Lisa Beinhoff, J. Manuel de la Rosa
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Revisiting the trajectory of medical students’ empathy, and impact of gender, specialty preferences and nationality: a systematic review
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Medical Students’ Empathy Level Differences by Medical Year, Gender, and Specialty Interest in Akdeniz University
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Anecdote or Reality: Are People From the South and/or Rural Areas of the USA More Empathetic?
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Research Article

Visible Facebook profiles and e-professionalism in undergraduate medical students in India: Setu Gupta, Satendra Singh, Upreet Dhaliwal; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:50. Published online October 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.50

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7 Web of Science
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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to assess medical students’ presence on Facebook and the extent of their visible activity, with particular reference to online professionalism. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including all medical students enrolled in the University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, India during the period of the study, which was conducted from 2011 to 2012. After approval by the Institutional Ethical Committee, the full names of all students were obtained from our institution. After creating a fictitious profile, Facebook was searched for students’ profiles, and those found were examined for visible content and unprofessional behaviour. Results: Of 611 students, 477 (78.1%) had detectable Facebook profiles. Out of 477 profiles, date of birth, address, email, phone number, religion, and political views were rarely shared; sexual orientation and relationship status were displayed on approximately one third of the profiles; and an identifiable profile picture (80.3%), field of study (51.6%), and institution (86.2%) were commonly shared . The visible content included friend lists (88.7%), photo albums (36.1%), and associations with diverse groups and pages (97.1%). Five profiles (1.05%) displayed unprofessional content, including one profile photograph depicting alcohol consumption, one association with groups relating to excessive alcohol consumption, two profiles containing sexually explicit language, and one association with a sexist page. Conclusion: Most of our students use Facebook’s privacy settings to hide some content from others. Unprofessional content was rarely visible from a stranger’s profile. However, even when hidden from strangers, unprofessional behaviour is still unprofessional behaviour. As Facebook is an integral part of life, it is important for medical educators and students to understand the implications and importance of e-professionalism. Professionalism curricula should address e-professionalism.

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Jomon Lonappan, P. S. Aithal, Meera Jacob
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Christine Slade, Karen McCutcheon, Nuala Devlin, Christine Dalais, Kathleen Smeaton, Daniel Slade, Christine Brown Wilson
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Comparative assessment of attitudes among medical and dental professionals in Saudi Arabia toward e-professionalism using the SMEPROF-S scale
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E-Professionalism as a Professional Identity in the Digital Era of Medical Education
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Tawepong Arayapisit, Jidapa Jarunsiripaisarn, Thitaree Setthamongkol, Dhitaya Ochaphan, Tanaporn Songsomsup, Kawin Sipiyaruk
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Student Experiences and Perceptions of Participation in Student-Led Health Clinics: A Systematic Review
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Brief Report

Perceptions of dental undergraduates in India of a clinical induction program: Arati Panchbhai; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:32. Published online June 21, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.32

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154 Download

Abstract PDF: This study aimed to investigate undergraduate students’ perceptions of the clinical induction program for dental undergraduates conducted at the DMIMS Deemed University, Sawangi-Meghe, India. Seventy-four third-year dental students who entered the clinical phase of the dental program in 2012 and attended all sessions of the clinical induction program were enrolled in this study. The students’ perceptions of the clinical induction program were assessed through a Likert-scale questionnaire, focus group discussions, and individual interviews. Seventy-two students (97.3%) responded positively about the program, evaluating it as successful and making a few suggestions. Fifty-four students (73.0%) stated that the clinical tours and visits to the departments were the best feature of the program. Nine students (12.2%) suggested that the program should include interaction with their immediate seniors and that interactive activities should be included in the program. The induction program may help students become acclimated during the first few days of being introduced into the clinical phase of their education. It is crucial to ensure that students do not develop a negative attitude towards their educational program by facilitating their smooth transition to the clinical phase.

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