1Department of Community Medicine, UCMS and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
2Department of Physiology, UCMS and GTB Hospital, UCMS and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
3Undergraduate Student, UCMS and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
© 2017, Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Authors’ contributions
Conceptualization: AC, RR, SS. Data curation: PSC, MG, AC, RR. Formal analysis: AC, SS. Funding acquisition: none. Methodology: AC, RR. Project administration: SS. Visualization: AC. Writing–original draft: PSC, MG. Writing–review & editing: AC, RR, SS, PSC, MG.
Conflict of interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Funding
No financial support was received by the authors for the present study.
Study | Country | Mean 士 standard deviation |
---|---|---|
Our study | India | 96.01 ± 14.56 |
Shashikumar et al. [4] (2014) | India | 102.91 ± 19.217 |
Mostafa et al. [7] (2014) | Bangladesh | 110.41 ± 13.59 |
Rahimi-Madiseh et al. [10] (2010) | Iran | 105.1 ± 12.9 |
Kataoka et al. [14] (2009) | Japan | 104.3 ± 13.1 |
Hojat et al. [11] (2009) | USA | 115.0 ± 10.0 |
Semester | Total | Gender | No. of participants | Empathy score | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 95 | Male | 75 | 99.71 | 0.001 |
Female | 20 | 112.25 | |||
3 | 115 | Male | 91 | 89.35 | 0.008 |
Female | 24 | 98.58 | |||
5 | 93 | Male | 76 | 90.43 | 0.010 |
Female | 17 | 98.82 | |||
7 | 115 | Male | 89 | 98.42 | 0.552 |
Female | 26 | 100.04 |
Independent factor | No. of participants | Empathy score |
P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± standard deviation | 95% confidence interval | |||
Gender | <0.001 | |||
Male | 331 | 94.38±14.45 | 92.83-95.93 | |
Female | 87 | 102.21±13.30 | 99.41-105.01 | |
Semester | <0.001 | |||
First | 95 | 102.35±15.36 | 99.27-105.43 | |
Third | 115 | 91.28±15.26 | 88.50-94.06 | |
Fifth | 93 | 91.97±12.29 | 89.46-94.48 | |
Seventh | 115 | 98.78±12.18 | 96.55-101.01 | |
Decision to join | 0.628 | |||
Own | 357 | 96.22±14.03 | 94.77-97.67 | |
Others' | 55 | 97.22±15.42 | 93.14-101.3 | |
Choice of specialty | 0.054 | |||
People | 152 | 98.15±13.58 | 95.99-100.31 | |
Tech | 177 | 94.38±13.84 | 92.34-96.42 | |
Others | 79 | 96.78±16.14 | 93.21-100.35 | |
Place of residence | 0.675 | |||
Hostel | 266 | 96.55±14.29 | 94.83-98.27 | |
Home | 147 | 95.94±13.92 | 93.69-98.19 |
Independent factors | Mean empathy by semester |
F-value | P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | |||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 99.71 | 89.35 | 90.43 | 98.42 | 12.44 | <0.001 |
Female | 112.25 | 98.58 | 98.82 | 100.04 | 5.831 | 0.001 |
Choice of specialty | ||||||
People | 102.6 | 93.03 | 94.68 | 100.90 | 4.296 | 0.006 |
Technology | 102.34 | 90.6 | 91.34 | 95.18 | 7.438 | 0.000 |
Others' | 102.14 | 94 | 88.83 | 99.92 | 3.105 | 0.032 |
Decision to join | ||||||
Own | 101.38 | 92.52 | 90.87 | 99.60 | 12.95 | 0.000 |
Others | 111.56 | 89.40 | 97.67 | 96.06 | 4.72 | 0.006 |
Place of residence | ||||||
Hostel | 103.22 | 91.00 | 92.56 | 98.04 | 10.25 | 0.000 |
Home | 100.55 | 93.40 | 90.52 | 100.81 | 4.75 | 0.003 |
Independent factors | Perspective-taking | Compassionate care | Walking in the patient’s shoes |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Male | 50.93 ± 9.90 | 35.98 ± 7.52 | 7.47±2.69 |
Female | 54.48 ± 8.90 | 39.75±7.37 | 7.98±2.52 |
Semester | |||
First | 54.93 ± 9.31 | 39.15±7.76 | 8.27±2.83 |
Third | 49.10 ± 10.999 | 34.16±7.66 | 7.23±2.48 |
Fifth | 50.05 ± 9.31 | 34.74±6.92 | 7.17±2.54 |
Seventh | 52.87 ± 8.34 | 38.24±7.24 | 7.67±2.69 |
Study | Country | Mean 士 standard deviation |
---|---|---|
Our study | India | 96.01 ± 14.56 |
Shashikumar et al. [4] (2014) | India | 102.91 ± 19.217 |
Mostafa et al. [7] (2014) | Bangladesh | 110.41 ± 13.59 |
Rahimi-Madiseh et al. [10] (2010) | Iran | 105.1 ± 12.9 |
Kataoka et al. [14] (2009) | Japan | 104.3 ± 13.1 |
Hojat et al. [11] (2009) | USA | 115.0 ± 10.0 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.